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Big Idea #6: Compartmentalization versus Feasibility
Jul 31st, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

The actually coding of the interviews should tease this idea out better, but it is worth discussing these two perspectives at this point.

I have often thought about the problem finding process including the idea of student metacognitive feasibility. In other words, as a student is trying to develop a problem that eventually produces a highly successful project, he or she must consider the feasibility of the project. In other words, does the student have the necessary personal expertise, access to others with expertise, the funds, the materials, the equipment, the resources, and the time. (Are there others that I am missing?)

However, looking at some of the very successful students, I think the scope of the problem is somewhat greater than what is actually presented. Work done by the student is often greater than what is presented as well. So what has happened? It seems to me that the student has compartmentalized the project. He or she presents only one facet (albeit a powerful one) of the project. The student has selected work to exclude for some reason (i.e. it wasn’t finished, it wasn’t flashy enough, it was too tangental, it was too long ago . . .)

So I wonder where the compartmentalization and the feasibility intersect and where they diverge.
Just thinking about it . . ..
Jul 22nd, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

Edited from the “W” Bulletin.

A veteran educator with 30 years of experience has been hired as the new assistant superintendent of the W. Public Schools. This past week, A.G. was unanimously approved for the position at a special meeting of the Board of Education. She will take her post on Monday, Aug. 13.“I’m very excited,” Ms. G. to administrators and members of the Board of Education after her approval.

Dr. G.R., superintendent of schools, called Ms. G. “very skilled, inclusive, and collaborative” and echoed the sentiment of the rest of those in attendance that he was excited to begin working with her.“First and foremost,” Dr. R. said, “she’s a kind person,” an attribute that was vital to being a part of the W. staff.

Ms. G. was one of 30 applicants for the position, seven of whom were interviewed, according to E.A., director of human resources and general administration. Ms. A. said all other applicants’ résumés were “significantly pale in comparison” to Ms. G.’s.

Ms. G.’s educational philosophy is “making sure that all children get the best education possible.” But to fulfill this, she doesn’t want to immediately change the way W. schools are running.“The first thing I need to do is acclimate myself to what they do, look at some data and see what needs to be done, if anything,” she said.

“You have to be able to touch every area with enough expertise to make decisions,” said D.W., secretary of the Board of Education. “That’s what we see in this résumé.”

Ms. G. earned her bachelor of science degree in physical education from the University of Bridgeport in 1975, a master of science degree in counseling from the University of Bridgeport in 1985, and a sixth year diploma in administration and supervision from Southern Connecticut State University in 1991.

“Your credentials are impeccable,” said T.E.D., member of the Board of Education, this past Thursday. “There was a good fit.” Your credentials do fit very nicely with our needs,” said K.B., chairman of the Board of Education.

Ms. G. said she’s excited to get to work.“I’m a very strong advocate for children, I have a good sense of humor, I work very, very hard, I have an open-door policy, and I’m not afraid to roll up my sleeves and get involved,” she said.“I’m sensing you will fit in well with this group,” Ms. W. said.

Ironic? Best of Luck.

Big Idea #5: Parents
Jul 4th, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

It’s amazing to see where your “filters” on data come from. At my daughter’s 5th birthday party, I was talking with my uncle and we were briefly speaking about my dissertation. I gave my stock explanation for what I was doing . . . “I’m looking at how students come up with their ideas for their science fair projects.” He responded with a sarcastic “Their parents and their teachers,” to which I said that the students I was working with did not do that.

But then I realized, that this idea is BIG, especially in the context of overall continued improvement of authentic research projects. Students with good projects don’t get their ideas from their parents. Often those ideas will be too unsophisticated; they will lack novelty; they don’t reflect extended engagement in a topic area.

If there is to be transferability in this study, it is important to demonstrate the role that parents should and should not play in the science research process. I must look closely at the demographics to see what students wrote about their parents. My general recollection was more in line with “putting the poster together,” “listening to me practice my presentation,” “checking my research paper for grammar.”
Quoteable Quote
Jul 1st, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

We’re pioneers, striving to predict the future by INVENTING it, rather than PREVENTING it. ~Alan Kay

A worthwhile thought as I consider my role as a science research facilitator, and an educator who tries to use instructional tools, like cutting-edge, “push-the-envelope” technology, for continuous educational improvement, often at the chagrin of an IT director.
Big Idea #4: Problems and Creativity
Jun 20th, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

Every person that I have had the fortune of interviewing reports that science and creativity are related. I’m glad to see that the authentic research process is promoting this idea. The question then becomes, “What is the essence of the creativity in science?”

I think we have a theme emerging . . .

Questioning and posing new problems seems to be the essence for the creative behaviors of the scientist. Coming up with the new idea – the problem finding. Knowing that there is something new, innovative, and novel to discover, create, or build.

Is this too simple? I think it is important to note that the subjects are not suggesting the problem solving as the creative aspect. We’re back to the Einstein quote holding so true . . . .

The formulation of a problem is often more important that its solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental skill. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle, requires imagination and marks real advance in science.
Big Idea #3: Reverse Engineering
Jun 19th, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

Wikipedia states:

Reverse engineering (RE) is the process of discovering the technological principles of a device or object or system through analysis of its structure, function and operation. It often involves taking something (e.g. a mechanical device, an electronic component, a software program) apart and analyzing its workings in detail, usually to try to make a new device or program that does the same thing without copying anything from the original.

I’ve heard this too many times now, not to take notice. Students are doing it freqently, based on what they want to do, the limited resources they have, and the limits of their expertise.

Is it possible that student innovation is the result of much reverse engineering because they are novices and gain their expertise via this process?
The disenfranchised student, the suspect counselor, and a reflection on an Ed Tech’s perspective
Jun 18th, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

Last day of classes today before exams start. Could it possibly be a low key day? Doubtful when you go to your mailbox and get a form from guidance indicating that a student has been dropped from your class. Dropped from my class? But it’s the last day of classes. The student could have dropped any of 180 other days? Why is this happening?Moreover, how irresponsible of the counselor to drop a student without even a discussion with the teacher.
What does it mean? In the current district I work, the student has now upgraded his average from a 40 to a 50 for the year. He doesn’t have to take the final exam. So he prospectively has made out better than his classmates who still continue to work and try. What message are we, (no, let me rephrase: his parents and his counselor) sending to the student? Perhaps it goes something like “You don’t have to be responsible for your actions.” “You can blame circumstance instead of working hard.” “We’ll bail you out without teaching you the lessons of following through” “We’ll allow excuses to trump responsibility.” “We will irresponsible shelter you from learning lessons that will improve your character.” Whatever happened to: “It’s OK to stumble if you are willing to get back up and keep going.”

So I think back: did I do my job? I kept parents informed, and did that part. But I am forced to think about my instructional strategies. Recently, on Wesley Fryer’s Blog, there were some fictitious letters posted from students and teachers, which I frankly viewed as very anti teacher. I got the point: we have to think about education in different ways. The recent movement to think about gaming and education is smart because it states that the traditional paradigm doesn’t always work for all students.

This gets me thinking back to the Discovery/eSchool News blog awards panel discussion I did last year in Orlando at FETC. I, the science teacher, sat on a panel with some of the brightest and most innovative ed tech voices around. What I walked away with was that, as a science educator, instructional technology is ONE of many instructional paradigms that I employ in my classroom. Others? Inquiry laboratory work, Nick K’s test analysis procedures, debate, independent research . . . inquiry, inquiry, inquiry – in its many forms. To reach the disenfranchised, we must employ many models and address many learning styles. Gaming might work for one type of student, and it very well may fail miserably for another.

My point? I’m not so sure if it all ties together, but here goes: Education must be innovative, we must be willing to try new things and at the same time, we must expect that students meet their responsibilities by holding them to the highest standards.

The connection? Creativity and research are innovative ways that will work for some students. The model produces high success for those who buy into it. They succeed in ways they can’t in other settings: my Matt, and subject George are prime examples. For others? We need to find the fit – but they must be a part and take the responsibility to own their education.
Thank you Seniors!
Jun 12th, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

Today was a special day. I didn’t realize it until it happened. I am graduating, what I perceive to be, my first NHS class. I’ve been here for 4 years, but it feels different this time. Maybe it’s because I’m leaving too, but I don’t think so. This is the first group that I have had a chance to see grow and mature.

These young men and women have influenced me as much as I hope I have influenced them. They have helped shaped my philosophy and are the true inspiration for my dissertation. Although I have already decided on my dedication, I can’t help but want to include them as well. We have accomplished great things together – most of all I hope we have established a bond that will connect us for many years to come.

Crystal, Scott, Allison – your first visit – but you believed in yourselves and me. Thank you for taking the journey with me. I hope you think about it in the future and let me know how it has influenced you.

Alex – a shy sophomore in my CPBio class, 2 year researcher – dedicated to a strong work ethic in spite of his challenges – has grown so much I can’t imagine the amazing changes. I hope he stays strong, passionate and dedicated.

Maricate – a crying junior who got kicked out of AP Bio for the wrong prereqs and got sent my way. So hard working, yet cautious – works so hard and is the CT Stockholm Junior Water Prize winner – wins me a trip to Atlanta too. I realize I am not alone in the universe when I meet all of the other amazing science research teachers. Where have you guys been hiding! This year – even more amazing work. She is my Type II error for the year. JSHS recognizes her amazing work. A bit of a snub at the CSF. Don’t let others put you down – be strong and confident. Ruth and I know what you have done.

Matt – failed my CPBio class, comes back and struggles to meet the expectations of the high school education expectations. He proves that he is worthy at the CSF – I know others are amazed. Matt will be on my mind for a long time to come – he is the disenfranchised. I’ve reached him at some level. How do we do more?

Drew – a freshman in a CPBio class – he’s got it – send him on to Honors Chem. Scoop him back junior year – win the Science Horizons – my first ISEFer. Continue the glory senior year. Drew there is so much to say – but I’ve said most of it in my ISEF letter last year. I meant every word. You very well may be the most influencial student in my life. Fly high cadet and remember your roots!

And even though they do not graduate – to my juniors – Dayton, Rebecca, Wesley, & Ivan – keep it up – you are Newtown’s finest.

So what does it all mean? Science research matters to me. It matters on so many more levels than the project. It is my legacy – these young men and women are my legacy. They are my Mr. Holland’s Opus. I must keep doing it strong and well – because it makes all the difference. These students are my research – they may not be my subjects – but they are the cause.

Oxford? Are you sure you’re ready?

Type I versus Type II Errors
May 23rd, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

I’ve read numerous definitions of Type I versus Type II errors. Written by statisticians, these definitions are convoluted and hard to understand. Type I errors are false positives and Type II errors are false negatives. Listen to this gobbly gook from an Applied Statistics text:

Type I error is when we reject a true null hypothesis. Type II error is when we do not reject a false null hypothesis. Although we cannot eliminate the possibility of making an error in hypothesis testing, we can control the criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis . . .

I’ve struggled with what this actually means and how to explain it well until a recent science fair experience.

At the fair, on the first day of judging, the scientific posters are evaluated without the students present. The top 25% are identified and these students are called back for finals. This year, eight of my ten students were called for finals. One of the eight was called just for a category award. That basically left three in the lower 75%. One was not surprising to me. His project “a” was weak, poorly conceived, and poorly presented. The other two, however, were a bit surprising.

As I was traveling home from a graduate stats review I was conducting, I had a student “b” call me very upset about her results in the science fair. She did not make finals. I was surprised, because she was a finalist the previous year and her project this year was far stronger. She had, only the week before, won first place at a different science symposium for her work. The other student, “g,” who had not made finals also placed first in her category at yet a third event. Student g failed to heed my advice about her poster – I informed her that it was convoluted and difficult to follow. Without her present, the judges might have a hard time evaluating it. And so it goes – that project was not selected as a fair finalist. However, that student was named a finalist for a special award category. Unfortunately b’s ride ended at that phone call. However, g ’s trip continued on. She wound up winning many special awards, even though she was not recognized as a finalist:

Xerox Computer Science Awards – Medallist
United Technologies Corporation Award
Quinnipiac University ScholarshipConnecticut Academy for Education DeRocco Award for Excellence
IEEE, Connecticut Section Award
Meyerand Young Woman Scientist Award
The Howard Lessoff Award for Excellence

As g received these awards, I thought to myself. Surely a mistake was made in the preliminary judging. I know why it was made – the judges couldn’t get past the poster and see the great science that was there. And then it hit me . . .

This is a Type II error. B and g were false negatives. They should have been there but they weren’t. This was a pretty bad error, because there was no way to correct it. If a project was selected in the prelims but wasn’t good, it would have made it to finals, but would have been weeded out there – the false positive. Not as bad here, because a correction can take place at a later time.

Summary:
The false positive – the student who was recognized, but should not have been.
The false negative – the student who had the great project, but wasn’t recognized.

Big Idea #2: Levels of Research Excellence
May 23rd, 2007 by Frank LaBanca, Ed.D.

I have recently been considering what makes a great science research project great. There certainly have been some common characteristics – long term involvement, metacognitively recognizing that the problem is significant to an authentic audience, working with an experienced and well-versed mentor. However, after having a talk with Ed Schmidt, science research director at Brewster High School, I realized that there is a very critical component which differentiates a good project from a great project.

A good project often will observe and analyze phenomena. However a great project offers a novel solution to a problem.

This is a very important distinction. I have had absolutely wonderful projects that have been observations of phenomenon – Igor’s mummichog study, Drew’s mummichog study, Aman & Caitlin’s ribbed mussel studies – many of the wonderful environmental projects I have done have focused on observing phenomena and reporting environmental impact. These have been very successful, however, the trick to take it to the next level is the novel solution aspect – Dayton’s coliform detector, Rebecca’s neural nets, Sara’s microwave strategy, Wesley’s fuel cell. These projects have an important distinction. Their contribution is not only reporting authentic information, but also includes a potential method or solution to evaluating or fixing the problem.
The challenge, therefore, is to get students thinking about new challenges and new solutions. Ones that are original, unique, and valuable.

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